Sugar Bio-battery

Sugar Bio-battery

            Sugars are simple carbohydrates are the primary source of energy and commodities trading. Most widely traded sugar in solid form ofcrystalline sucrose. Sugar is used to change come flavorbe state or sweet foods and drinks. Asglucose simple sugars like (which is produced from sucrose by enzymes or acidhydrolysis), storing energy that will be used by the cell. Sources of energy in sugar is not only useful for living things, but also useful for electronic devices.

         Could be a battery recharge cell phones (mobile phones) or other electronic devices will no longer need to use electricity, but enough with soft drinks or syrup. Now, scientists United States (U.S.) is developing a new device similar to a battery with a source of energy derived from sugar. The scientists describe the chemistry that a fuel cell or battery first to produce environmentally friendly electricity. The technology contained in these batteries mimic biological energy generation systems in the human body and other living creatures.

         Technology to enhance immobilization of enzymes and mediator on the electrode. For effective glucose digestion to occur, the anode must have a high concentration of enzymes and mediator, with their activity retained. This technology uses two polymers to assemble the components into the anode. Each polymer has opposite charge so the electrostatic interaction between the two polymers effectively secures the enzymes and mediator. The ionic balance and immobilization process have been optimized for the extraction of electrons from glucose efficiently.

          Cathode structure for efficient oxygen uptake. The water in the cathode is important to ensure optimal conditions for the reduction of oxygen efficiently. The bio battery employs porous carbon electrodes bearing the immobilized enzyme and mediator are partitioned using a cellophane separator. Optimization of electrode structure and the maintenance of appropriate water levels can increase the reactivity of the cathode.

         Optimization of electrolytes to meet the cell structure of bio battery. 0.1 M phosphate buffer is usually used in the study of enzymes, but the buffer with a high concentration of 1.0 M used in bio battery. This is based on research that the high concentration levels are effective for maintaining the activity of the enzyme in the electrode.

The mechanism of  bio battery

         The bio battery casing is an anode consisting of sugar-digesting enzymes and mediator, and a cathode comprising oxygen-reducing enzymes and mediator, as well as on both sides of a cellophane separator. Anode produces electrons and hydrogen from glucose through the following process:

         Hydrogen ions from this process will move to the cathode through the separator. Then when it got to the cathode, hydrogen ions and electrons will absorb oxygen from the air to produce water.

         In making the battery device, researchers follow the biological workings of one of the most amazing organelles, namely mitochondria. Mitochondria in the cell function change the calories in food into chemical energy needed by the body to sustain life. Organelles are using chemicals that are formed from the digestion of sugars and fats called pyruvate to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). A substance that is capable of storing energy until the time it takes the body.

         Every day, the mitochondria in the body of a person can produce and recycle a certain amount of ATP that was equal to the weight of the body of that person. From the depiction that was able to note that the system is capable of producing energy with the support of sugar (glucose) or fat open possibility applied also to a wide range of electronic devices. That is, vegetable oils, fats, or sugars may be a source of power on your mobile phone or laptop.

         how it works:

sugar Batteries require enzymes digest these sugars and mediator. sugar on the side of the anode is reacted with hydrogen ions the enzyme becomes glukanolakton of the electron. hydrogen ions and electrons move to the cathode side. oxygen is absorbed from the air to produce water. the eletron move through circuits which produce electricity.

The Feature

         Test cells with high power and size of the corresponding bio baterry has been produced with the utilization of this technology. This Bio does not require mixing battery, or a solution of glucose or air convection, as a passive battery.

         How it works just supply a solution of sugar to the battery unit. cubic cells generate 50 mW power output, which is the largest battery type with passive measures approximately 39 mm each ribs. By stringing 4 cubic cells capable of powering a walkman and a pair of speakers. The bio battery sugar is made of plastic made from plants and designed with the image of cell biology.

         If it continues to show good results during the test phase, the battery was ready to be commercialized in the next three to five years into the future. After entering the stage komersiali sasi, is estimated to be not just civil society who are interested in these products, but also the military. The military can use sugar for charging portable electronic equipment on the battlefield and in emergency situations when the electrical access is very limited.

         The researchers expect first time application of sugar it on your mobile phone battery. Mobile phone charger would ideally contain special cartridges that have been filled with a solution of sugar. With demikiandiharapkan battery sugar can be used as a substitute for metal and toxic batteries that fill a variety of portable electronic devices.

That was developed in the present invention

         Scientists have developed a battery by using bacteria and enzymes (fuel cell) to generate electricity. Unlike batteries, fuel cell power is not reduced and doesn't need to be recharged. The reason, these cells produce electricity continuously for fuel and oxygen are available. The required fuel could either be hydrogen, natural gas, and alcohol. With fuel, fuel cell can convert the energy into electricity.

         Researchers have conducted laboratory tests of fuel cells from mitochondria. In the test, they used a device consisting of a thin layer of mitochondrial flanked two electrodes, electrode which can be accessed including gas. Testing showed that electricity produced using sugar or cooking by product as fuel oil.

         In this present invention developed a system of breaking down sugar to generate electricity that involves efficiently immobilizing enzymes and the mediator (electronic conduction materials) while retaining the activity of enzymes at the anode.

         Also developed a new cathode structure which supplies oxygen to the electrode efficiently and ensure an adequate amount of water remains available. Optimizing the electrolyte for these two technologies enable the achievement of the desired power level.

         This research shows that the latest fuel will be directly used in batteries at room temperature to lead to a technology that is more efficient than metal and human based approach can develop better battery products and also environmentally friendly.

         As a prove the success of this concept, the researchers used a prototype of a small battery (equivalent to the size of a postage stamp) to operate hand-held calculator.

Advantages:

—  The bio-battery has numerous advantages over existing batteries.

—  In comparison to fuel cells.

sumber: http://majalahenergi.com/forum/energi-baru-dan-terbarukan/bentuk-energi-baru/baterai-gula-dimana-ada-gula-disitu-ada-energi-listrik