Sugar Bio-battery
Sugars are simple carbohydrates are
the primary source of energy and commodities trading. Most widely traded sugar
in solid form ofcrystalline sucrose. Sugar is used to change come flavorbe
state or sweet foods and drinks. Asglucose simple sugars like (which is
produced from sucrose by enzymes or acidhydrolysis), storing energy that will
be used by the cell. Sources of energy in sugar is not only useful for
living things, but also useful for electronic devices.
Could be a battery recharge cell phones
(mobile phones) or other electronic devices will no longer need to use
electricity, but enough with soft drinks or syrup. Now, scientists United
States (U.S.) is developing a new device similar to a battery with a source of
energy derived from sugar. The scientists describe the chemistry that a fuel
cell or battery first to produce environmentally friendly electricity. The
technology contained in these batteries mimic biological energy generation
systems in the human body and other living creatures.
Technology to enhance immobilization of
enzymes and mediator on the electrode. For effective glucose digestion to
occur, the anode must have a high concentration of enzymes and mediator, with
their activity retained. This technology uses two polymers to assemble the
components into the anode. Each polymer has opposite charge so the
electrostatic interaction between the two polymers effectively secures the
enzymes and mediator. The ionic balance and immobilization process have been
optimized for the extraction of electrons from glucose efficiently.
Cathode structure for efficient oxygen uptake.
The water in the cathode is important to ensure optimal conditions for the
reduction of oxygen efficiently. The bio battery employs porous carbon
electrodes bearing the immobilized enzyme and mediator are partitioned using a
cellophane separator. Optimization of electrode structure and the maintenance
of appropriate water levels can increase the reactivity of the cathode.
Optimization of electrolytes to meet
the cell structure of bio battery. 0.1 M phosphate buffer is usually used in
the study of enzymes, but the buffer with a high concentration of 1.0 M used in
bio battery. This is based on research that the high concentration levels are
effective for maintaining the activity of the enzyme in the electrode.
The
mechanism of bio battery
The bio battery
casing is an anode consisting of sugar-digesting enzymes and mediator, and a
cathode comprising oxygen-reducing enzymes and mediator, as well as on both
sides of a cellophane separator. Anode produces electrons and hydrogen from
glucose through the following process:
Hydrogen ions from this process will
move to the cathode through the separator. Then when it got to the cathode,
hydrogen ions and electrons will absorb oxygen from the air to produce water.
In making the battery device,
researchers follow the biological workings of one of the most amazing
organelles, namely mitochondria. Mitochondria in the cell function change the
calories in food into chemical energy needed by the body to sustain life.
Organelles are using chemicals that are formed from the digestion of sugars and
fats called pyruvate to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP). A substance that is
capable of storing energy until the time it takes the body.
Every
day, the mitochondria in the body of a person can produce and recycle a certain
amount of ATP that was equal to the weight of the body of that person. From the
depiction that was able to note that the system is capable of producing energy
with the support of sugar (glucose) or fat open possibility applied also to a
wide range of electronic devices. That is, vegetable oils, fats, or sugars may
be a source of power on your mobile phone or laptop.
how it works:
sugar
Batteries require enzymes digest these sugars and mediator. sugar on the side
of the anode is reacted with hydrogen ions the enzyme becomes glukanolakton of
the electron. hydrogen ions and electrons move to the cathode side. oxygen is
absorbed from the air to produce water. the eletron move through circuits which
produce electricity.
The
Feature
Test
cells with high power and size of the corresponding bio baterry has been
produced with the utilization of this technology. This Bio does not require
mixing battery, or a solution of glucose or air convection, as a passive
battery.
How it works just supply a solution of
sugar to the battery unit. cubic cells generate 50 mW power output, which is
the largest battery type with passive measures approximately 39 mm each ribs.
By stringing 4 cubic cells capable of powering a walkman and a pair of
speakers. The bio battery sugar is made of plastic made from plants and
designed with the image of cell biology.
If it continues to show good results
during the test phase, the battery was ready to be commercialized in the next
three to five years into the future. After entering the stage komersiali sasi,
is estimated to be not just civil society who are interested in these products,
but also the military. The military can use sugar for charging portable electronic
equipment on the battlefield and in emergency situations when the electrical
access is very limited.
The researchers expect first time
application of sugar it on your mobile phone battery. Mobile phone charger
would ideally contain special cartridges that have been filled with a solution
of sugar. With demikiandiharapkan battery sugar can be used as a substitute for
metal and toxic batteries that fill a variety of portable electronic devices.
That was developed in the present invention
Scientists have developed a battery by
using bacteria and enzymes (fuel cell) to generate electricity. Unlike
batteries, fuel cell power is not reduced and doesn't need to be recharged. The
reason, these cells produce electricity continuously for fuel and oxygen are available.
The required fuel could either be hydrogen, natural gas, and alcohol. With
fuel, fuel cell can convert the energy into electricity.
Researchers have conducted laboratory
tests of fuel cells from mitochondria. In the test, they used a device consisting
of a thin layer of mitochondrial flanked two electrodes, electrode which can be
accessed including gas. Testing showed that electricity produced using sugar or
cooking by product as fuel oil.
In this present invention developed a
system of breaking down sugar to generate electricity that involves efficiently
immobilizing enzymes and the mediator (electronic conduction materials) while
retaining the activity of enzymes at the anode.
Also developed a new cathode
structure which supplies oxygen to the electrode efficiently and ensure an
adequate amount of water remains available. Optimizing the electrolyte for
these two technologies enable the achievement of the desired power level.
This research shows that the latest
fuel will be directly used in batteries at room temperature to lead to a
technology that is more efficient than metal and human based approach can
develop better battery products and also environmentally friendly.
As a prove the success of this concept,
the researchers used a prototype of a small battery (equivalent to the size of
a postage stamp) to operate hand-held calculator.
Advantages:
— The
bio-battery has numerous advantages over existing batteries.
— In comparison
to fuel cells.
sumber: http://majalahenergi.com/forum/energi-baru-dan-terbarukan/bentuk-energi-baru/baterai-gula-dimana-ada-gula-disitu-ada-energi-listrik
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